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Future U.S. initiatives
Future U.S. initiatives
regarding the food safety
regarding the food safety
for fresh produce
for fresh produce
Len Valenti Valtech, LLC
Introduction
Introduction
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This presentation is based upon FDA’s
testimony about the E.
coli
outbreaks
to the U.S. Congress delivered on
November 15, 2006
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The taco outbreak is currently under
investigation and all information is
still preliminary... but lettuce is
implicated
U.S mechanism for foodborne
U.S mechanism for foodborne
outbreaks Introduction
outbreaks Introduction
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U.S mechanism for foodborne outbreaks
surveillance include:
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FoodNet
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PulseNet
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OutbreakNet
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Food Outbreak trends
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Recent
E. coli
O157:H7 outbreak linked to fresh
spinach
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U.S. initiatives to enha
nce safety of produce
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Next steps...
U.S mechanism for foodborne
U.S mechanism for foodborne
outbreaks
outbreaks
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FoodNet determines the severity, outcome,
travel history of contaminated foods
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FoodNet Partners are:
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Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
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U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
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Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS)
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Food & Drug Administration (FDA)
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Participating State Health Departments
FoodNet Partners
FoodNet Partners
FoodNet Partners
FoodNet Partners
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FoodNet Partners
FoodNet Partners
FoodNet Partners
FoodNet Partners
FoodNet Partner
FoodNet Partne
r
Process
Process
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PulseNet
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Network of Nationwide public health
laboratories
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Use standardized protocols for “DNA
fingerprinting”– Share results through CDC
PulseNet database
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Outbreak Net
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Network of public health professionals who
investigate foodborne disease outbreaks
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All 50 states and several federal agencies
Food Outbreak trends
Food Outbreak trends
Food Outbreak trends
Food Outbreak trends
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
, CDC April 2006
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Surveillance data shows
that the estimated annual
incidence of several infections
declined significantly from
1996--1998 to 2005
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The report shows that the incidence of infections
caused by
Campylobacter
,
Listeria, Salmonella,
Shiga toxin-producing
E. coli
O157
,
Shigella,
and
Yersinia
has declined
.
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Campylobacter
and
Listeria
incidence are
approaching levels targeted by U.S. health
objectives.
Incidence of Infection with Pathogens
Incidence of Infection with Pathogens
Transmitted Commonly Through Food
Transmitted Commonly Through Food
http://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5514a2.htm#top
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
, CDC April 2006
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Food Outbreak trends
Food Outbreak trends
Escherichia coli O157 in the U.S.
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Estimated 73,000 infections/year (Mead, EID)
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Causes diarrheal illne
ss, often bloody stools
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kidney failure, and death
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Sources:
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food (e.g., beef, leafy greens, sprouts,
unpasteurized juice), water, animal contact
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Incidence decreased recently
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coincides with decreased contamination of beef
From: Michael Lynch, MD, MPH
U. S. Centers for Disease Control
Food Outbreak trends
Food Outbreak trends
Escherichia coli O157 in the U.S.
Major Causes of Outbreak in USA
from 1982-2002
Major Foodborne Causes of
Outbreaks in USA from 1982-
2002
E. Coli
E. Coli
0157:H7 Outbreaks
0157:H7 Outbreaks
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Foodborne sources
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Ground beef
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Other forms of beef
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Salami
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Produce
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Spinach
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Alfalfa
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Lettuce
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Unpasteurized Apple
Juice
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Water sources
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Swimming in Lakes
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Drinking from
infected water
supplies
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Contact with
infected animals
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Petting Zoos
Food Outbreak trends
Food Outbreak trends
Escherichia coli O157 in the U.S.
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Ready-to-eat fresh vegetables, fruits,
and prepared salads have a high
potential risk of co
ntamination because:
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they are generally grown in a natural
environment (for example, a field or
orchard) and
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are often consumed without cooking
E. coli
E. coli
O157:H7 outbreak linked to
O157:H7 outbreak linked to
fresh spinach
fresh spinach
Fall 2006
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Infected over 200 people
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Three individuals died
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FDA traced sources to four California
ranches
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Cause in one ranch was grazing feral
pigs
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Uptake with
E
. c
oli
bacteria by the
plant
s
ystemically does not exist.
Spinach Outbreak
Spinach Outbreak
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Outbreak Reporting Timeline
Outbreak Reporting Timeline
Infection cases of O157:H7 due to contaminated
Infection cases of O157:H7 due to contaminated
spinach in Fall 2006
spinach in Fall 2006
15 or higher
10-14
5-9
1-4
http://www.cdc.gov/foodborne/ecolispinach/case_count_us_map.htm
FDA
FDA
response to the outbreak
response to the outbreak
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FDA held press conferences and
issued press releases
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Posted updates on FDA website to
limit the spread of the outbreak by
keeping the public informed
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FDA also worked closely with Canada
food safety officials to provide with
them up-to-date information
U.S. initiatives to enhance safety of
U.S. initiatives to enhance safety of
produce
produce
Future U.S. initiatives rega
rding the food safety for
Future U.S. initiatives rega
rding the food safety for
fresh produce
fresh produce
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Progress has been made in reducing foodborne
infections
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However, the recent
E. coli
outbreaks show that
further progress is needed, with ready-to-eat
produce
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Good Agricultural Practices (GAPS) is crucial to
ensuring that microbial contamination is
minimized
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Consumer education
U.S. Industry Initiatives
U.S. Industry Initiatives
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Farm-to table approach
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delineating responsibility
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Good Agricultural Practices (GAPS)
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Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) for
fresh unpasteurized orange juice
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Risk analysis
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Global standard setting and harmonization
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Transparency
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Scientific basis
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Risk Reduction
Risk Reduction
Using Common Sense
Using Common Sense
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E. coli
is only passed through fecal-oral
contact
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PREVENTION:
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Wash hands
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Foodborne
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cook meat thoroughly
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wash vegetables
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pasteurize dairy products and juices
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Consumer education will reduce risk
FDA activities to
address safety
FDA activities to
address safety
concerns
concerns
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develop guidance
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outreach to consumer
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sample and analyze domestic and
imported produce for pathogens
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and work with industry to promote the
use of good growing, harvesting,
packing, transporti
ng, and processing
practices
FDA Produce Safety Action Plan
FDA Produce Safety Action Plan
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In October 2004, FDA announced its Produce
Safety Action Plan to help reduce the
incidence of foodborne illness attributed to
the consumption of produce.
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The Action Plan represents the first time that
FDA had developed a comprehensive food
safety strategy specific to produce.
FDA Produce Safety Action Plan
FDA Produce Safety Action Plan
The Action Plan has the following four objectives
:
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preventing contamination of fresh produce with
pathogens;
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minimizing the public health impact when
contamination of fresh produce occurs;
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improving communications with producers,
preparers and consumers about fresh produce
safety;
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facilitating and supporting research relevant to
fresh produce.
FDA Produce Safety Action Plan
FDA Produce Safety Action Plan
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FDA has collaborated with industry in developing
guidance for five commodity groups:
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cantaloupes
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lettuce
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leafy greens
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tomatoes
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green onions
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herbs, e.g., basil
Next Steps
Next Steps
Cette présentation a été présentée lors de la journée thématique Horizon 2010 dans le cadre de la Semaine horticole 2007 "Atteindre le plein potentiel horticole du Québec" le 7 février 2007.
Organisation : CQH
Auteur(s) : M. Len Valenti, International Affairs Advisor, North American Desk, Food and Drug Administration des États-Unis
Date de publication : 16 mars 2007
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